Language: is a resource that enables communication for humans, this tool is developed and is much more advanced in other animal species, the language offers the possibility of selecting to the man, coordinate and combine concepts of varying complexity.

Learning: is a process of acquiring knowledge, skills and attitudes made possible by studying, teaching or experience. This process can be understood from different positions implying that there are different theories related to the fact learn. The basic process in learning is imitation. In this way, children learn the basic tasks needed to survive and thrive in a community.


Teaching: the action and effect of teaching is the system and method of instruction, formed by the combination of knowledge, ideas and principles taught someone, teaching involves the interaction of three elements: the teacher, the student and the object of knowledge. Under this concept, the teaching process is the transmission of konwledge from teacher to student through various media and techniques. Teaching as transmission of knowledge is based on perception mainly through speaking and writing.

Constructivism

Constructivism is the model that keeps the cognitive, social and emotional aspects of behaviour, is not merely a product of the environment or simply a result of its internal rules but their own construction that was produced every day as a result of the interaction of these two factors.
Consequently, according to the constructivist position konwledge is not a copy of reality but a construction of human beings, this construction is done with the schemes that the person already has or is with what they built in their realtionship with the environment that surrounds.
The constructivist model is centered on the person of his previous mental constructs that make new experiences, considers that the construction occurs when this is done in interaction with other. (Vygotsky).
Vygotsky emphasizes the influence of social and cultural contexts appropriate knowledge and places great emphasis on the active role of the teacher while mental activities of the students develop naturally through multiple paths of discovery: the construction of meanings, instruments for cognitive development and the zone of proximal development.
In this sense Vygotsky´s theory gives the teacher a key role in facilitating consider the development of mental structures in the student to be able to build more complex learning. Vygotsky also proposes the idea of dual training, to defend all cognitive function that appears first in the interpersonal plane and later rebuilt, into an interpersonal level, that is to say, interaction with other learning and development occurs when internally controlled the process integrating new powers to the existing cognitive structure. Vygotsky´s contributions have great significance for the constructivist theory and achieved that learning is not considered as a single activity and otherwise be treated as a social construction.

EXAMPLE:

Brighton English Center

Pasto (Nariño)

Definition of these three concepts:

Learning: As we read in unit 1 learning, acquires new, or modifies and reinforces existing knowledge, behaviors, skills,values, or preferences and may involve synthesizing different types of information.  Learning produces changes in the organism and the changes produced are permanent.  Language learning is not something that you can not do faster, this is a slow process in human being that takes everything is in the environment .

Language: This is a complex skill not only because we use our mouth or tongue to expres something, also because we use our body to express many things.  That is why it is the most important aspect in the life of all beings, because human beings can communicate with each other, able to exchange knowledge, beliefs, opinions, wishes, threats, commands, thanks, promises, declarations, feelings, etc.

Teaching: Teaching is the way  people can help some one to do something and learn how to do it.  This is a method teachers or a leader can give instructions and be a guide and make suggestions about the best ways to acquire knowledge.  There is something between learning and teaching because learning can occur without a teacher, but teaching in the absence of learners is an activity without justification and is very necesary teachers or people who is going to guide something have people who is interested to learn.

CONSTRUCTIVISM

Constructivism is about how people learn.  It says that people construct their own understanding and knowledge of the world throught experiencing things and reflecting on those experiences.  When we found something new, we have to reconcile it with our previous ideas and experience, maybe changing what we believe, or maybe discarding the new information as irrelevant.  In any case, we are active creators in our own knowledge.  To do this, we must ask questions, explore and asses what we know.  That is the most important thing in constructivism. 

In the classroom, the constructivist view of learning can point towards a number of different teaching practices.  In the most general sense, it usually means encouraging students to use active techniques.

In Vygotsky's theories both teachers and older or more experienced children play very important roles in learning. Vygotsky argued, "learning is a necessary and universal aspect of the process of developing culturally organized, specifically human psychological function". Vygotsky's constructivist theory, is often called social constructivism, and imply an active and involved teacher, he emphasized the critical importance of culture and the importance of the social context for cognitive development.

2.    Offer some classrooms examples of his theories in action. Make sure to describe the examples according to your experience as a language teacher and learner

Because  I work with kids as an english teacher,  I use other ways to make they can construct a concept they are learning in another language.

Examples:

 

1. Group activities: this is a way to Students with more experience or knowledge to share it with peers and give the opportunity for the other with less to get on fidence.

2. Role games: are games in which players assume the roles of characters in a fictional setting. Players take responsibility for acting out these roles within a narrative, either through literal acting or through a process of structured decision-making or character development.

3.  Enter variety of materials. Recognizes the learning style each student by offering different teaching techniques, which helps long retention from the  material.